Keeping a starter alive

A sourdough starter, shown rather than told

Feeding ratios sound like maths. They’re really about timing — when your starter will be ready. Have a play with it below.

The short version

If you read nothing else on this page, read these four.

  1. 1

    Keep the jar in the fridge

    You only need to feed it every 2–4 weeks. Daily feeding is for bakeries, not for you.

    fine print
    Cold slows the yeast right down. Many starters survive far longer than four weeks between feeds — this is a hardy thing, not a fragile one.
  2. 2

    A night or two before baking, feed it

    Take some out, mix 1 part starter with 2 parts flour and 2 parts water, and leave it on the bench.

    fine print
    20g starter, 40g flour, 40g water is a good size. Discard the rest of the old starter, or save it for crackers. Discarding isn't waste — without it the jar grows huge and the yeast never gets enough fresh food.
  3. 3

    Wait for it to double

    Bubbly, domed on top, about twice the level you fed it to. That's when it's strong enough to raise a loaf.

    fine print
    At room temperature that's roughly 6–8 hours. Mark the jar with a rubber band or a marker pen when you feed it, so you can actually see the rise rather than guessing.
  4. 4

    Use 100g, feed the rest, back in the fridge

    That's the whole cycle. Repeat whenever you want to bake.

    fine print
    Keep 150–200g on hand when you're planning to bake, so there's enough to use and enough left over to keep going.

The cycle

Every feed goes through the same four stages

Your starter rises, peaks and sinks back down on repeat. Learning to read where it is in that cycle is most of the skill — the rest is just waiting.

fed
Stage 1

Just fed

Thick, smooth and flat. Nothing happening yet.

Mark the level on the jar so you can see the rise.

fed
Stage 2

Rising

Bubbles appear through the sides, and the top starts to lift.

Nothing to do. This is the yeast getting to work.

fed
Stage 3

At its peak

Roughly doubled, domed on top, and full of bubbles.

Use it now — or refrigerate to hold it here.

fed
Stage 4

Collapsed

Sunk back down with a flat or dipped top.

Still fine for crackers or pancakes. Feed it before baking bread.

Try it

How the feeding ratio changes the timing

More food takes longer to get through. That’s the whole idea behind ratios: you’re not making the starter stronger, you’re choosing when it will be ready. Pick a feed and watch the curve move.

Feed

The standard feed. Everyday maintenance, and overnight or fridge storage.

fed
1.0×
0 min
after feeding
peak · 8 hrsfed4h 24m8h 48m13h 12m17h 36m
Drag the chart to scrub
22°C Room temperature

At 22°C a 1:2:2 feed peaks in about 8 hrs. Temperature moves this more than anything else you can control.

Right nowJust fed
Looks like
Thick, smooth and flat. Nothing happening yet.
Smells
Milky, like raw dough.
Do
Mark the level on the jar so you can see the rise.
A 1:2:2 feed looks like this
20g
40g
40g
starterflourwater
Why does more food mean a slower rise?
The yeast population starts the same size either way. Give it twice as much flour and it simply takes longer to work through — so the peak arrives later. That’s useful: a bigger feed in summer stops your starter peaking and collapsing while you’re out.
So which one should I use?
1:2:2 for almost everything. Go to 1:1:1 in a cold kitchen when you want it ready sooner, 1:3:3 when it’s hot, and 1:4:4 when the starter is weak, sour or has been neglected and needs rebuilding over a few feeds.

Peaked before you’re ready? Put it in the fridge.

This is the single most useful trick for fitting sourdough around a normal life. The cold holds the starter near its peak instead of letting it rise, exhaust itself and collapse on the bench while you’re out. You are not obliged to bake the moment it doubles.

Taking it back out
Let it come up to room temperature before you mix your dough. If it’s been in there more than a day or two, give it a fresh feed and wait for it to become active again first.

Want the full detail?

Troubleshooting, reviving a neglected jar, and the full doubling table.

The written guide →